Rotary jar



A. DIX HAL Aug.

ROTARY JAR Filed Oct. 17, 1933 My ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 14, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Taft,

Calif.

Application October 17, 1933, Serial No. 693,985

8 Claims. (Cl. 25527) This invention relates to jars especially adaptedfor use in connection with rotary drilling equipment.

As is known to those skilled in the art to which 5 this inventionrelates, in rotary drilling wells there is present a column of fluidextending for the height of the hole to constitute a vehicle for thecuttings and the invention forming the subject of this applicationcontemplates the employment of the pressure of this column of fluid as ameans to bring about successive jarring blows to loosen tools caught inthe hole.

More particularly, the invention contemplates novel means by which themain striking or jarring element may, through surface control andmovement of the drill pipe, be moved into position to strike a jarringblow, after. which the pressure of the drilling fluid is brought to actagainst the striking or jarring element to cause it to strike 20 itsintended blow.

Also the invention will be found to embody novel means by which thedevice may be easily set and re-set from the surface without withdrawingthe same from the hole so that successive jarring blows may be struck,all to the end that the recovery of the lost tool is expedited.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of thefollowing description.

In the drawing forming a part of this application and in which likenumerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through the improved jar with theparts in positions occupied immediately prior to the release of thestriking element for action by the pressure of the drilling fluid,

Figure 2 is a similar view with the parts in positlonsvoccupied uponcompletion of the striking or jarring blow,

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view on line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional .view on lin 4-4 of Figure 2 and,

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional view on line 5-5 Figure 2. i

In the drawing, the numeral'5 designates an elongated tubular casing orcylinder having its upper and lower end portions internally threaded,the upper end portion of the casing being connected to the drill pipe 6,by an externally threaded combined coupling and anvil member '7.

AsbestshowninFigures1and2,astriking element in the form 0! a plunger orram 8 is mounted within the casing for reciprocatory movement therein,the plunger or ram being held against rotation with respect to thecasing b; means of a pair of diametrically disposed, 1ongitudinaliyextending keys or ribs 9 on the inner wall of the casing, fitting inlongitudinal grooves 10 in the outer side of the plunger or ram 8. a 80'It is also clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2 that the plunger 8 isprovided intermediate its ends, with leather packing cups 10 held inplace by the securing sleeves 11 and the nuts 12, threaded on theplunger. The upper end of the plunger carries a packing gland 13 and apacking nut 14,. the nut 14 also acting as the hammer face or theplunger or ram for striking the combined coupling and anvil member '1when the plunger is urged upwardly under the influence of the pres- I0;sure or the drilling fluid.

From an inspection of Figures 1 and 2 it will be seen that there ismounted in the lower portion of the casing 5 in telescopic relation tothe lower reduced end of the plunger or ram 8 a cou- 'pling sleeve 15threaded at the lower portion thereof for connection with a fishing tool16. A bushing 17 surrounds the sleeve 15 and is threaded into the lowerend or the casing 5 and cooperates with an annular flange or collar 18on the so sleeve 15 to prevent separation or disconnection of the sleevefrom the casing.

The sleeve 15 is mounted for sliding movement in the casing 5 and alsopartakes of limited rotary movement, the sleeve being limited in itsrotary movement to about one-eighth of a turn relative to the casing bymeans of circumterentially spaced longitudinally spacedextending keys 19on the bushing 17 operating in enlarged grooves or keyways 20 in thesleeve.

For the purpose of connecting the plunger or ram 8 and the fishing toolcarrying sleeve 15 for sliding movement as a unit relative to the casing5, the lower reduced portion of the plunger is provided on its exteriorwith diametrically opposite series of circumferentially extendinghelical quarter threads 21 which are adapted to be brought intointerlocking relation with similar threads 22 on the interior of thesleeve 15 upon rotation of the plunger relative to the sleeve.

Fitting snugly within the casing 5 and in surrounding relation to thelower portion of the plunger 8 and the upper portion of the sleeve 15,is a tubular liner 32 which is fixedly secured in place by a threadedconnection 33 with the bush- 105 ing 1'1. A fluid-tight engagement isestablished between the liner 32 and the -plunger or ram 8 by thepacking cups 10.

To provide for the .admission'oi the well fluid into the tool below theplunger or ram 8, the casno provided in its outer periphery with aseries of longitudinally extending grooves 24.

Particular reference is now invited to Figure 2 wherein it is clearlyshown that the bushing 17 is providedwith a pair of diametricallyopposed upstanding lugs 25, one side wall of each of which is inclinedto form a cam surface.

It is shown in Figure 2 that the collar 18 is formed with recesses 27inthe path of travelof and adapted for the reception of the lugs and thatone side wall of each recess 27 is inclined to correspond to the camface of the adjacent lug 25.

By this arrangement, when the lugs 25 are received within the recesses27 and engaged with the inclined side walls thereof a turning motion isimparted to the casing 5 and plunger 8. This turning motion disengagesthe threaded-lower portion of the plunger from the member 15 with theresult that the plunger is released for endwise movement under theinfluence of the drilling fluid.

In more specifically adverting to this phase of the invention, it ispointed out that when the wells of substantial depth produces atremendous pressure in the bottom of the well and it is this pressurethat is utilized to move the plunger 8 into striking engagement with thecoupling and anvil member '1.

The ports 23 and the grooves 24 allow of the admission of the drillingfluid to the space within the casing 5 immediately below the plungerwith the result that instantly upon the disconnection. of the previouslyinterlocked threads '21 and 22 the tremendous pressure of thedrillingfluid is allowed to move the plunger upwardly into striking engagementwith the element '1. i A Of course, the impact of the plunger 8 with thanvil 7 exerts jarring action on the drill or other part sought to bereleased and this may be repeated as often as is necessary or expedient.Immediately below the helical threads 22 on the sleeve 15 are a pair ofsplines 28'with helicoidal faces to cooperate with similar splines 29 onthe extemai lower end of'the ram'or'plunger 8. The purpose of thesesplines is to prevent the ends of the quarter-threads 21* on the ram 8from rubbing the ends of the quarter-threads 22 on the sleeve 15. Asshown in Fig. 1, the-splines 28 and 29 are adapted .for interlockingengagement simultaneousLv with the interlocking engagement of thethreads 21 and 22'a'nd are released from such engagement by thereleasing means 25-27. The numeral designates a waste pipe which isthreaded into the element! and slidably extends into and communicateswith the central bore of the ram 8.

Briefly, the operation of the tool has follows: lower end of the sleeve'15 isflrst connected totheflshingtoolendthenthetoolisconnected to thelower end of drill pipe through the medium of the combined coupling andanvil 7 whereupon the tool is lowered into the well hole and the fishingtool engaged with the object to be iarred.. Subsequently the, tool islet down until thesleeve 15 pushestheplunger orram 8 ing and the liner32 are provided with alined an-- nular series of ports 23 and the collar18 is also upwardly against the anvil 7, after which a torsional strainto the right (if fishing or operating with right handed string of drillpipe), is taken which eflects an interlocking engagement of the members8 and 15' through the helical threads 21 and 22. The rotary table (notshown) is then looked to hold the torsional strain on the drill pipe.Now. a tensile strain or upward pull is exerted on the drill pipe whichresults in the upward sliding movement of the casing 5 relative to theplunger 8 and the sleeve 15 and creates a vacuum in the tool. Thepicking up or tensile strain on the drill pipe is continued until thelugs 25 engage the recesses 27 which engagement results in turningmovement of the casing 5 and plunger 8 tothe right against therighthanded torsional strain on the drill pipe and thereby movesthethreads 21 and 22 and the splines 28 and 29 out of interlockingengagement and thus releases the plunger 8 which is quickly and forciblyurged upwardly underthe influence of the pressure of the drilling fluidto impart a striking blow on the anvil 'l and the object to be jarred.Now, since there is still present a righthanded torsional strain allthat is necessary is to lower the drill pipe so that the ram 8 andsleeve 15 again interlock and then pick up or exert an up ward pull onthe drill pipe until the plunger is released by the means 25-27.

' If the plunger is released before the proper amount of tensile strainis taken, it is simply necessary to take additional torsional strain asthe plunger releasing or tripping means operates against the torsionalstrain.

It is to be understood that the herein illustrated and describedembodiment of the invention is to be taken merely as a preferred exampleof the same and that such changes in the arrangement and construction ofthe parts may be made as remain within the spirit of the invention andthe purview of the appended claims.

Having thus described ourinvention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: i 4

1. In a rotary jar, a cylinder, an anvil element associated therewith, aplunger in said cylinder and adapted to engage said anvil element, saidcylinder and said plunger being related for relativelongitudinalmovement. means for/ releasably holding said plunger ina fixed positionuntil said cylinder is moved longitudinally to the end of apredetermined stroke to create a vacuum in said cylinder, and means forreleasing said holding means, at the end of the'predetermined stroke ofsaid cylinder to allow said plunger to exert a jarring action.

2. In a rotary jar, a cylinder, an anvil element associated therewith. aplunger in said cylinder and adapted to engage said anvil element. saidcylinder and said plunger being related for relativelongitudinal'movement, means for releasably holding said plunger in afixed position until said cylinder is moved longitudinally to the end ofa predetermined stroke. means for admitting drilling fluid into saidcylinder below said plunger, and means operable at the end of thepredetermined stroke of said cylinder to release said holding means andpermit the drilling fluid to move said plunger into striking engagementwith said anvil element. 1

3. In a rotary Jar, a cylinder. an anvil element therewith. a plunger insaid cylinder and adapted to engage said anvil element, said cylinderand said plunger being related for relative longitudinal movement, meansfor releasably holding said plunger in a fixed position under torsionalstrain until a vacuum is created within said cylinder by a tensilestrain exerted thereon to move the same longitudinally, and meansoperable by the tensile strain to overcome the torsional strain andrelease said holding means to permit said plunger to strike a blow onsaid anvil element. 7

4. In a ar for rotary drilling equipment, a casing having means wherebythe same may be suspended from a rotary drill'pipe and having an anvil,a plunger slidable longitudinally in said casing for striking engagementwith said anvil, a coupling element slidable longitudinally of saidcasing, said plunger being provided with means to interlock with saidcoupling element, and means to limit movement of said coupling elementin one direction. 7

5. In a jar for use in connection with rotary drilling equipment, acylinder having means whereby the same may be connected to a rotarydrill pipe and being provided with an anvil, a plunger slidablelongitudinally within said cylinder and having means for strikingengagement with said anvil, a connection between said plunger andcylinder for holding the plunger against turning with respect to thecylinder, said plunger being provided with a stem havingcircumferentially spaced sets of threads defining intervening clearancespaces, a coupling member receiving said stem and havingcircumferentially extending spaced sets of threads for engagement withsaid first-named threads to lock said plunger to said coupling member,there being means to disconnect the first and second-named threads, saidcylinder being provided with means admitting fluid to the cylinder toact against one end of said plunger to move the plunger endwise intoengagement with said anvil.

6. In a tool of the class described, a casing, a combined coupling andanvil member mounted in the upper end of said casing for connecting saidcasing to a drill pipe, a sleeve slidably mounted in the lower portionof said casing and projecting beyond the lower end thereof forconnection with a fishing tool, a plunger reciprocably mounted in saidcasing and having telescopic relation with said sleeve, means forreleasably connecting said sleeve and plunger for sliding movement'as aunit relative to said casing, means for admitting drilling fluid intosaid casing below said plunger, and means for releasing said connectingmeans upon a predetermined sliding movement of said sleeve and plungerrelative to said casing whereby said plunger is forced upwardly by thepressure of the admitted fluid to exert a hammer-like blow on saidanvil.

7. In a tool of the class described, a casing, a combined coupling andanvil member mounted in the upper end of said casing for connecting saidcasing to a drill pipe, a sleeve mounted in the lower portion of saidcasing for limited sliding movement and having means for connection witha fishing tool, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said casing and havingtelescopic engagement with said sleeve, cooperating means carried bysaid sleeve and said plunger for releasably connecting the same forsliding movement as a unit relative to said casing, means for admittingdrilling fluid to said casing below said plunger and means for releasingsaid connecting means when the sleeve has reached its limit of slidingmovement to permit the drilling fluid to forcibly actuate said plungerinto contact with said anvil.

8. In a tool of the class described, a casing, a combined coupling andanvil member mounted in the upper end of said casing for connecting saidcasing to a drill pipe. a sleeve mounted in the lower end portion ofsaid casing for sliding movement and having means for connection with afishing tool, a plunger reciprocably mounted in said casing and havingtelescopic engagement with said sleeve, cooperating segmental helicalthreads on said sleeve and plunger and adapted for interlockingengagement for releasably connecting the same for sliding movement as aunit relative to said casing, means for admitting drilling fluid to saidcasing below said plunger, and means operable upon apredeterminedmovement of said plunger and sleeve as a unit for movingsaid threads out of interlocking engagement to release the plungerwhereby the same may be forcibly actuated into contact with said anvilby the drilling fluid.

ARTHUR DIX. WALTER C. BARNES.

